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What exatly does electric energy in a circuit mean?What does it tell about the energy of the circuit?Pls. help?

What exactly has energy got to do with a circuit....what does it do? Please explain I don't understand this "electric energy"....

In any electrical circuit, energy must be provided by an energy SOURCE(such as a battery), and that energy can be either STORED or CONVERTED into another form of energy by the circuit. Along the way the circuit is designed to do something useful, like play music, perform calculations, or cook your toast. For cooking your toast, the energy plays a key role as it is heat energy (converted from electrical energy) that does the cooking. In the other two examples, energy is just a byproduct of the circuit.

Energy SOURCES include such devices as electrical generators, batteries, and photovoltaic cells. The energy provided by the source is expressed in units of joules, and is calculated as E = VIT where V is voltage in volts, I is current in amps, and T is time in seconds.

As a side note, typically people like to think of electrical energy in terms of "amount of energy over a period of time." This is called power, and power level is simply the energy divided by time, in seconds. So in the case of the energy source, divide that equation by time T, and you get power P = VI.

STORAGE of electrical energy can be done in two ways. First, you can store energy in a capacitor (which is two conductive plates separated by an insulator). Just supply a current to a capacitor and the voltage across its terminals increases as it stores more and more energy. The energy stored in a capacitor is calculated as E = (1/2)CV^2 where C is the capacitance in units of Farad.

Second, you can store electrical energy in an inductor (which is a looped coil of wire). Just supply a voltage across the inductor terminals and the current through the inductor increases as it stores more and more energy. The energy stored in an inductor is calculated as E = (1/2)LI^2 where L is the inductance in units of Henry.

The final thing that can be done with electrical energy is to CONVERT it to another form of energy. A resistor (which is a piece of non-perfect conductor, like carbon or nichrome wire) converts electrical energy to heat. The energy converted is computed as E = (I^2R)T = (V^2/R)T where V is the voltage across the resistor, I is the current flowing through the resistor, and R is resistance in units of ohm.

You can also convert electrical energy to:

- Light energy, using a light bulb or LED.
- Mechanical energy, using a motor or solenoid (electromagnet).
- Chemical energy, for example by charging a battery or by electroplating something.

Due to the law of conservation of energy, if you add up all the energy taken from a circuit (that is, converted energy), plus all energy stored in capacitors and inductors, it must equal the amount of energy supplied by the energy source. If you supply energy to a circuit and no energy comes out (no heat, light, etc.), the energy MUST all be currently stored in capacitors or inductors.

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